InceptionV3论文笔记

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发布于：2022年4月22日

字数：1.7k字

时长：8分钟

参考博文：

论文地址：Inceptionv3

源码地址：InceptionV3_TensorFlow: Inception v3

文章引用出处1：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44791964/article/details/102802866

文章引用出处2：InceptionV3 网络模型

InceptionV3模型

InceptionV3模型是谷歌Inception系列里面的第三代模型，其模型结构与InceptionV2模型放在了同一篇论文里，其实二者模型结构差距不大，相比于其它神经网络模型，Inception网络最大的特点在于将神经网络层与层之间的卷积运算进行了拓展。
如VGG，AlexNet网络，它就是一直卷积下来的，一层接着一层；
ResNet则是创新性的引入了残差网络的概念，使得靠前若干层的某一层数据输出直接跳过多层引入到后面数据层的输入部分，后面的特征层的内容会有一部分由其前面的某一层线性贡献。
而Inception网络则是采用不同大小的卷积核，使得存在不同大小的感受野，最后实现拼接达到不同尺度特征的融合。
对于InceptionV3而言，其网络中存在着如下的结构。
这个结构使用不同大小的卷积核对输入进行卷积（这个结构主要在代码中的block1使用）。

Inceptionv3_block1

还存在着这样的结构，利用1x7的卷积和7x1的卷积代替7x7的卷积，这样可以只使用约（1x7 + 7x1) / (7x7) = 28.6%的计算开销；利用1x3的卷积和3x1的卷积代替3x3的卷积，这样可以只使用约（1x3 + 3x1) / (3x3) = 67%的计算开销。
下图利用1x7的卷积和7x1的卷积代替7x7的卷积（这个结构主要在代码中的block2使用）。

Inceptionv3_block2

下图利用1x3的卷积和3x1的卷积代替3x3的卷积（这个结构主要在代码中的block3使用）。

inceptionv3_block3

网络部分实现代码

一共将InceptionV3划分为3个block，对应着35x35、17x17，8x8维度大小的图像。每个block中间有许多的part，对应着不同的特征层深度，用于特征提取。

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#-------------------------------------------------------------#
#   InceptionV3的网络部分
#-------------------------------------------------------------#
from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import absolute_import

import warnings
import numpy as np

from keras.models import Model
from keras import layers
from keras.layers import Activation,Dense,Input,BatchNormalization,Conv2D,MaxPooling2D,AveragePooling2D
from keras.layers import GlobalAveragePooling2D,GlobalMaxPooling2D
from keras.engine.topology import get_source_inputs
from keras.utils.layer_utils import convert_all_kernels_in_model
from keras.utils.data_utils import get_file
from keras import backend as K
from keras.applications.imagenet_utils import decode_predictions
from keras.preprocessing import image


def conv2d_bn(x,
              filters,
              num_row,
              num_col,
              padding='same',
              strides=(1, 1),
              name=None):
    if name is not None:
        bn_name = name + '_bn'
        conv_name = name + '_conv'
    else:
        bn_name = None
        conv_name = None
    x = Conv2D(
        filters, (num_row, num_col),
        strides=strides,
        padding=padding,
        use_bias=False,
        name=conv_name)(x)
    x = BatchNormalization(scale=False, name=bn_name)(x)
    x = Activation('relu', name=name)(x)
    return x


def InceptionV3(input_shape=[299,299,3],
                classes=1000):


    img_input = Input(shape=input_shape)

    x = conv2d_bn(img_input, 32, 3, 3, strides=(2, 2), padding='valid')
    x = conv2d_bn(x, 32, 3, 3, padding='valid')
    x = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 3, 3)
    x = MaxPooling2D((3, 3), strides=(2, 2))(x)

    x = conv2d_bn(x, 80, 1, 1, padding='valid')
    x = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 3, 3, padding='valid')
    x = MaxPooling2D((3, 3), strides=(2, 2))(x)

    #--------------------------------#
    #   Block1 35x35
    #--------------------------------#
    # Block1 part1
    # 35 x 35 x 192 -> 35 x 35 x 256
    branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)

    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(x, 48, 1, 1)
    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(branch5x5, 64, 5, 5)

    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)

    branch_pool = AveragePooling2D((3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
    branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 32, 1, 1)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch1x1, branch5x5, branch3x3dbl, branch_pool],
        axis=3,
        name='mixed0')

    # Block1 part2
    # 35 x 35 x 256 -> 35 x 35 x 288
    branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)

    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(x, 48, 1, 1)
    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(branch5x5, 64, 5, 5)

    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)

    branch_pool = AveragePooling2D((3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
    branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 64, 1, 1)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch1x1, branch5x5, branch3x3dbl, branch_pool],
        axis=3,
        name='mixed1')

    # Block1 part3
    # 35 x 35 x 288 -> 35 x 35 x 288
    branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)

    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(x, 48, 1, 1)
    branch5x5 = conv2d_bn(branch5x5, 64, 5, 5)

    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)

    branch_pool = AveragePooling2D((3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
    branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 64, 1, 1)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch1x1, branch5x5, branch3x3dbl, branch_pool],
        axis=3,
        name='mixed2')

    #--------------------------------#
    #   Block2 17x17
    #--------------------------------#
    # Block2 part1
    # 35 x 35 x 288 -> 17 x 17 x 768
    branch3x3 = conv2d_bn(x, 384, 3, 3, strides=(2, 2), padding='valid')

    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 64, 1, 1)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3)
    branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(
        branch3x3dbl, 96, 3, 3, strides=(2, 2), padding='valid')

    branch_pool = MaxPooling2D((3, 3), strides=(2, 2))(x)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch3x3, branch3x3dbl, branch_pool], axis=3, name='mixed3')

    # Block2 part2
    # 17 x 17 x 768 -> 17 x 17 x 768
    branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)

    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(x, 128, 1, 1)
    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 128, 1, 7)
    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 192, 7, 1)

    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 128, 1, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 128, 7, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 128, 1, 7)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 128, 7, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 1, 7)

    branch_pool = AveragePooling2D((3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
    branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 192, 1, 1)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch1x1, branch7x7, branch7x7dbl, branch_pool],
        axis=3,
        name='mixed4')

    # Block2 part3 and part4
    # 17 x 17 x 768 -> 17 x 17 x 768 -> 17 x 17 x 768
    for i in range(2):
        branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)

        branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(x, 160, 1, 1)
        branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 160, 1, 7)
        branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 192, 7, 1)

        branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 160, 1, 1)
        branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 160, 7, 1)
        branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 160, 1, 7)
        branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 160, 7, 1)
        branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 1, 7)

        branch_pool = AveragePooling2D(
            (3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
        branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 192, 1, 1)
        x = layers.concatenate(
            [branch1x1, branch7x7, branch7x7dbl, branch_pool],
            axis=3,
            name='mixed' + str(5 + i))

    # Block2 part5
    # 17 x 17 x 768 -> 17 x 17 x 768
    branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)

    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)
    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 192, 1, 7)
    branch7x7 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7, 192, 7, 1)

    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 7, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 1, 7)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 7, 1)
    branch7x7dbl = conv2d_bn(branch7x7dbl, 192, 1, 7)

    branch_pool = AveragePooling2D((3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
    branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 192, 1, 1)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch1x1, branch7x7, branch7x7dbl, branch_pool],
        axis=3,
        name='mixed7')

    #--------------------------------#
    #   Block3 8x8
    #--------------------------------#
    # Block3 part1
    # 17 x 17 x 768 -> 8 x 8 x 1280
    branch3x3 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)
    branch3x3 = conv2d_bn(branch3x3, 320, 3, 3,
                          strides=(2, 2), padding='valid')

    branch7x7x3 = conv2d_bn(x, 192, 1, 1)
    branch7x7x3 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7x3, 192, 1, 7)
    branch7x7x3 = conv2d_bn(branch7x7x3, 192, 7, 1)
    branch7x7x3 = conv2d_bn(
        branch7x7x3, 192, 3, 3, strides=(2, 2), padding='valid')

    branch_pool = MaxPooling2D((3, 3), strides=(2, 2))(x)
    x = layers.concatenate(
        [branch3x3, branch7x7x3, branch_pool], axis=3, name='mixed8')

    # Block3 part2 part3
    # 8 x 8 x 1280 -> 8 x 8 x 2048 -> 8 x 8 x 2048
    for i in range(2):
        branch1x1 = conv2d_bn(x, 320, 1, 1)

        branch3x3 = conv2d_bn(x, 384, 1, 1)
        branch3x3_1 = conv2d_bn(branch3x3, 384, 1, 3)
        branch3x3_2 = conv2d_bn(branch3x3, 384, 3, 1)
        branch3x3 = layers.concatenate(
            [branch3x3_1, branch3x3_2], axis=3, name='mixed9_' + str(i))

        branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(x, 448, 1, 1)
        branch3x3dbl = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 384, 3, 3)
        branch3x3dbl_1 = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 384, 1, 3)
        branch3x3dbl_2 = conv2d_bn(branch3x3dbl, 384, 3, 1)
        branch3x3dbl = layers.concatenate(
            [branch3x3dbl_1, branch3x3dbl_2], axis=3)

        branch_pool = AveragePooling2D(
            (3, 3), strides=(1, 1), padding='same')(x)
        branch_pool = conv2d_bn(branch_pool, 192, 1, 1)
        x = layers.concatenate(
            [branch1x1, branch3x3, branch3x3dbl, branch_pool],
            axis=3,
            name='mixed' + str(9 + i))
    # 平均池化后全连接。
    x = GlobalAveragePooling2D(name='avg_pool')(x)
    x = Dense(classes, activation='softmax', name='predictions')(x)


    inputs = img_input

    model = Model(inputs, x, name='inception_v3')

    return model

预测部分

建立网络后就可以进行预测了，实现代码如下：

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def preprocess_input(x):
    x /= 255.
    x -= 0.5
    x *= 2.
    return x


if __name__ == '__main__':
    model = InceptionV3()

    model.load_weights("inception_v3_weights_tf_dim_ordering_tf_kernels.h5")
    
    img_path = 'elephant.jpg'
    img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(299, 299))
    x = image.img_to_array(img)
    x = np.expand_dims(x, axis=0)

    x = preprocess_input(x)

    preds = model.predict(x)
    print('Predicted:', decode_predictions(preds))

预测所需的已经训练好的InceptionV3模型可以在https://github.com/fchollet/deep-learning-models/releases下载。非常方便。
预测结果为：

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Predicted: [[('n02504458', 'African_elephant', 0.50874853), ('n01871265', 'tusker', 0.19524273), ('n02504013', 'Indian_elephant', 0.1566972), ('n01917289', 'brain_coral', 0.0008956835), ('n01695060', 'Komodo_dragon', 0.0008260256)]]

更新于：2022年10月4日

论文笔记

Inception